SET Climatology

Climate change is a critical issue impacting ecosystems, weather patterns, and societies globally. Evidence includes rising temperatures, melting ice caps, ocean acidification, extreme weather events, and ecosystem shifts. Both natural factors and human activities contribute to climate change, with significant impacts on sea levels, extreme weather, ecosystems, agriculture, and human health. Urgent global action is essential to address this multifaceted challenge.

This article provides an overview of meteorological hazards such as cyclones, thunderstorms, tornadoes, hailstorms, heatwaves, cold waves, droughts, cloudbursts, and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). It covers their formation, impacts, safety measures, and mitigation efforts to reduce risks for human lives, infrastructure, and the environment.

ENSO events, including El Niño and La Niña, impact global weather, agriculture, and ecosystems through complex climate phenomena.

Atmospheric circulation is crucial for shaping weather patterns, influencing temperature, precipitation, and wind. This process involves air masses, fronts, upper air circulation, and cyclones/anticyclones. Understanding these systems helps predict weather events and study climate dynamics. Atmospheric circulation is primarily driven by unequal solar heating, and it’s essential for predicting extreme weather and climate change impacts.

Climate classification systems play a crucial role in understanding and adapting to different climatic conditions. The widely used Koppen and Thornthwaite classifications categorize climates based on temperature, precipitation, vegetation, and moisture availability. While Koppen focuses on temperature and vegetation, Thornthwaite emphasizes moisture availability, making it valuable for agriculture and water resource management.

Introduction Pressure and winds are fundamental components of the Earth’s atmosphere. They play a significant role in shaping our weather patterns and influencing various natural phenomena. In this article, we will explore the concepts of atmospheric pressure and how it leads to the creation of winds. Atmospheric Pressure Atmospheric pressure, often referred to as air

Temperature is a fundamental aspect of climatology, a branch of science that studies the long-term patterns and changes in weather conditions. It plays a vital role in understanding Earth’s climate system and how it is evolving over time. In this article, we’ll delve into the various aspects of temperature, its measurement, its significance in climatology,

The Earth’s heat budget, also known as the Earth’s energy balance, is a fundamental concept in climate science and meteorology. It refers to the delicate equilibrium between the incoming solar radiation (insolation) from the sun and the outgoing terrestrial radiation from Earth. Understanding this balance is crucial for comprehending our planet’s climate and temperature variations.

The Earth’s atmosphere is a complex and dynamic system that plays a crucial role in supporting life on our planet. Understanding its composition and structure, particularly as it relates to insolation, is vital for appreciating the Earth’s climate and weather patterns. In this article, we will delve into the intricate details of the atmosphere, exploring